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Monkeypox a Global Health Emergency , History, Sign and Symptoms, Prevention, Treatment

What is MONKEY POX

Monkeypox It is a rare disease caused by infection with monkeypox virus.

Monkeypox virus is part of the same family of viruses as variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Symptoms of monkeypox are similar to those of smallpox, but milder, and monkeypox is rarely fatal.

Monkeypox is not related to chickenpox.

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Monkeypox was discovered in 1958 when two outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in colonies of monkeys kept for research

Although given the name “monkeypox“, the source of the disease remains unknown.

However, African rats and non-human primates (such as monkeys) can harbor the virus and infect people.

The first human case of monkeypox was reported in 1970.

Before the 2022 outbreak, monkeypox was reported among people in several Central and West African countries.

Previously, almost all monkeypox cases in people outside of Africa were linked to international travel to countries where the disease is common or to imported animals.

These cases have occurred on multiple continents.

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Symptoms of Monkeypox

  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Swollen Lymph Nodes
  • Muscle aches
  • Back ache
  • Chills
  • Exhaustion

Rash that look like Blister or Pimple that appears on Hands, Face, inside mouth, Feet, Chest, Genitals etc.


A rash goes through different stages before it heals completely. The disease usually lasts for 2-4 weeks. Sometimes, people get a rash first, followed by other symptoms. Others experience only a rash.


Spread of Monkey pox Virus

Monkypox is spread in different ways. The virus can spread from person to person by:


  • Infectious rashes, scabs or direct contact with body fluids
  • Respiratory secretions during prolonged, face-to-face contact or during intimate physical contact, such as kissing, cuddling or sex
  • Touching objects (such as clothing or linens) that have previously touched an infectious rash or body fluids
  • It is also possible for people to get monkey pox from infected animals, either by being scratched or bitten by the animal, or by preparing or eating the meat or products of an infected animal.
  • From the time monkey pox symptoms start, the rash can spread until it completely heals and a new layer of skin forms. The disease usually lasts for 2-4 weeks. People who do not have monkeypox symptoms cannot spread the virus to others. At this time, it is not known whether monkeypox is transmitted through semen or vaginal fluids.

Treatment of Monkey Pox

There is no specific treatment for monkeypox virus infection. However, monkeypox and smallpox viruses are genetically similar, which means that antiviral drugs and vaccines developed to protect against smallpox can be used to prevent and treat monkeypox virus infections.
 
Antivirals, such as tacrovirimate (TPOXX), may be recommended for people who are at risk of becoming seriously ill, such as patients with weakened immune systems.

Prevention of Monkey Pox

1) Avoid close skin-to-skin contact with people who have a rash that looks like monkeypox.
2) Do not handle or touch the bedding, towels, or clothing of a person who has monkeypox.
3) Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer

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